Nigeria has supplied three neighbouring countries a total amount of electricity worth $81.48bn from Nigeria in the last two years.
An analysis of data obtained from the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission has revealed that the invoices given to the Republics of Togo, Niger and Benin for the electricity supplied to them from Nigeria in 2018 and 2019 totalled $81.48bn.
Niger bought electricity worth $26.03bn in the two-year period while Togo and Benin imported $55.45bn worth of electricity from Nigeria.
Power generation in the country has been fluttering between 3,000 megawatts and 4,500MW in the past few years, despite the privatisation of the sector in 2013.
The national grid has continued to suffer system collapse over the years amid lack of spinning reserve that is meant to forestall such occurrences.
In the period of November 1, 2013, and May 2020, the number of total grid collapse recorded was 83 while the grid partially collapsed 25 times.
However, Nigeria, through some of its power plants, sells electricity to the neighbouring countries, which are classified as international customers.
Niger’s power firm, Societe Nigerienne d’electricite, received a total invoice of N3.01bn for electricity supply from Nigeria in the first quarter of 2019; N3.69bn in Q2; N4.1bn in Q3; and N2.07 in Q4.
In 2018, NIGELEC received an invoice of $2.89bn in Q1; $3.56bn in Q2; $3.63bn in Q3: and $3.08bn in Q4.
Communaute Electrique du Benin, a power firm owned by Togo and Benin, received a total invoice of N9.74bn for the power supplied to it in Q1; N7.16bn in Q2; and N2.27bn in Q3 but none in Q4.
In 2018, CEB received an invoice of $9.04bn in Q1; $9.44bn in Q2; $8.48bn in Q3; and $9.32bn in Q4.
According to NERC’s quarterly reports, the international customers did not make any payments in each of the four quarters of 2019.
“During the quarter under review, the special and international class of customers made no payment to the Nigerian Bulk Electricity Trading Plc and the Market Operator,” NERC said in its fourth-quarter report.
“The Federal Government has continued to engage the governments of neighbouring countries benefitting from the export supply to ensure timely payments for the electricity purchased from Nigeria,” the regulator added.
The total amount of electricity generated by power plants on the national grid as of 6 AM on Saturday stood at 3,219MW, according to the Nigerian Electricity System Operator.
Nine of the 27 power plants did not generate any megawatts of electricity as of 6 AM on Saturday, with 2021.7MW generation capacity left unused.
The system operator put the nation’s installed generation capacity at 12,910.40MW; available capacity at 7,652.60MW; transmission wheeling capacity at 8,100MW; and the peak generation ever attained at 5,375MW.
“Among households, electricity access is still limited in Nigeria (around 56 per cent). Yet, access is often unreliable since electricity supply suffers from frequent outages,” the World Bank said in a recent report.
The report noted that rural areas were particularly hit by blackouts, where the number of interruptions in supply was almost double of that in urban areas.
It said, “Electricity is reported to be a major constraint by businesses. Around 27 per cent of enterprises identify electricity as the main obstacle to doing business, which is more than twice the sub-Saharan Africa average.
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“For business consumers, improved reliability of power will reduce losses due to outages, and reduce expenditure on alternative sources of energy.”
The government-owned NBET buys electricity in bulk from generation companies through Power Purchase Agreements and sells through vesting contracts to the Discos, which then supply it to the consumers, while the Market Operator is an arm of the TCN.
According to NERC, the financial viability of the Nigerian electricity supply industry is still a major challenge, threatening its sustainability.
It said, “As highlighted in the preceding quarterly reports, the liquidity challenge is partly due to the non-implementation of cost-reflective tariffs, high technical and commercial losses exacerbated by energy theft and consumers’ apathy to payments under the widely prevailing practice of estimated billing.”
It added that the severity of the liquidity challenge in the industry was reflected in the settlement rates of the energy invoices issued by NBET to each of the Discos, as well as the non-payment by the special and international customers.
